Blue light has been clinically proven to work on the skin’s surface, targeting where acne begins. It delivers visible results through three core actions:
- Fight acne-causing bacteria
- Balance oil production
- Calm inflammation & redness
Clinically, blue light therapy combats acne at its source by activating natural porphyrins within Cutibacterium acnes. This process releases reactive oxygen species that destroy bacteria safely and effectively—without harsh chemicals. At the same time, it regulates excess sebum and soothes inflamed skin to reduce redness and irritation. When paired with red light (620–660 nm), healing is accelerated, inflammation is further reduced, and skin clarity is restored through a safe, non-invasive, drug-free approach.
1.Eradication of Propionibacterium acnes by its endogenic porphyrins after illumination with high-intensity blue light.
Ashkenazi H, Malik Z, Harth Y, Nitzan Y.
FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2003;35(1):17–24.
2.Blue and red light combination LED phototherapy for acne vulgaris in patients with skin phototype IV.Lee SY, You CE, Park MY.
Lasers Surg Med. 2007;39(2):180–188.
3.Phototherapy with blue (415 nm) and red (660 nm) light in the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Papageorgiou P, Katsambas A, Chu A.
Br J Dermatol. 2000;142(5):973–978.
4.An open study to determine the efficacy of blue light in the treatment of mild to moderate acne.
Morton CA, Scholefield RD, Whitehurst C, Birch J.
Br J Dermatol. 2005;153(3):480–483
Green light has shown promising skin and wellness benefits in emerging clinical studies. It works gently yet effectively to deliver the following results:
- Fade dark spots and pigmentation
- Calm redness and visible vessels
- Relieve tension and discomfort
Clinically, green light targets excess melanin to help even skin tone and diminish hyperpigmentation. It also interacts with hemoglobin to reduce redness and soothe visible capillaries, restoring balance to sensitive or easily flushed skin. Early studies further suggest that green light can modulate inflammation and trigger the body’s natural pain-relief mechanisms. When used alongside red light, it complements rejuvenation and enhances overall therapeutic outcomes — offering a gentle, non-invasive path to clearer, calmer skin.
1.VISIA Skin Analysis System as a Tool to Evaluate the Reduction of Pigmented Skin and Vascular Lesions Using the 532 Nm Laser Zawodny P, Stój E, Kulig P, Zawodny P, Stój E, Kulig P, Skonieczna-Żydecka K, Sieńko J.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2022 Oct 14;15:2187–2195.
2.Green Light Exposure Elicits Anti-inflammation, Endogenous Opioid Release, and Dampens Synaptic Potentiation to Relieve Post-surgical Pain
Martin LF, Cheng K, Washington SM, Denton M, Goel V, Khandekar M, Patwardhan A, Ibrahim MM.
J Pain. 2023 Mar;24(3):509–529.
3.Low-level Green Laser Promotes Wound Healing After Carbon Dioxide Fractional Laser Therapy
Gong C, Lu Y, Jia C, Xu N.
J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022 Nov;21(11):5696–5703.
Yellow light has been clinically shown to deliver visible skin-calming and brightening benefits. Working gently on the skin’s surface, it provides the following results:
- Reduce redness and vascular response
- Inhibit melanin production
- Fade stubborn dark spots
Clinically, yellow light helps calm redness by regulating microvascular activity and reducing excess blood flow, making it ideal for sensitive or reactive skin. At the cellular level, it suppresses melanin production in melanocytes and keratinocytes, helping to lighten pigmentation and even out skin tone. Studies also show improvements in melasma and post-inflammatory dark spots. When paired with red or near-infrared light, yellow wavelengths further enhance collagen renewal and radiance — offering a gentle, non-invasive solution for smoother, more balanced skin.
1.Irradiation with 590-nm yellow light-emitting diode light attenuates oxidative stress and modulates UVB-induced change of dermal fibroblasts
Kim J, Lee Y, Lee Y, Kim S, Kim J, Choi H.
Skin Res Technol. 2022 Mar; 28(3): 351–360.
2.Light-emitting diode 585 nm photomodulation inhibiting melanin synthesis and inducing autophagy in human melanocytes
Li Chen, Zhongyi Xu, Min Jiang, Chengfeng Zhang, Xuan Wang, Leihong Xiang.
J Dermatol Sci. 2018 Jan; 89(1): 11–18.
3.585 nm light-emitting diodes inhibit melanogenesis through upregulating H19/miR-675 axis in LEDs-irradiated keratinocytes by paracrine effect.
Shanglin Jin, Li Chen, Zhongyi Xu, Xiaoxue Xing, Chengfeng Zhang, Leihong Xiang.
J Dermatol Sci. 2020 May; 98(2): 102–108.
4.590 nm LED Irradiation Improved Erythema through Inhibiting Angiogenesis of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Ameliorated Pigmentation in Melasma.
Xiaoxi Dai, Shanglin Jin, Yijie Xuan, Yiwen Yang, Xiaoli Lu, Chen Wang, Li Chen, Leihong Xiang, Chengfeng Zhang.
Cells. 2022 Dec 7; 11(24): 3949.
Red light is one of the most clinically studied wavelengths, proven to deliver visible anti-aging and skin-restoring results. It provides the following key benefits:
- Stimulate collagen and elastin
- Reduce fine lines and wrinkles
- Calm inflammation and accelerates repair
Clinically, red light penetrates deep into the dermis to activate fibroblasts, boosting collagen and elastin production for smoother, firmer skin. It has been shown to reduce wrinkle depth, fine lines, and signs of photoaging while enhancing overall skin tone. At the cellular level, red light increases mitochondrial activity and ATP generation—fueling repair, reducing inflammation, and accelerating wound healing. This non-invasive, science-backed therapy renews the skin from within, revealing a youthful, radiant glow with every session.
1.Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring.
Avci P, Gupta A, Sadasivam M, Vecchio D, Pam Z, Pam N, Hamblin MR.
Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2013; 32(1): 41–52.
2.A controlled trial to determine the efficacy of red and near-infrared light treatment in patient satisfaction, reduction of fine lines, wrinkles, skin roughness, and intradermal collagen density increase.
Wunsch A, Matuschka K.Photomed Laser Surg. 2014; 32(2): 93–100.
3.Photobiomodulation of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes with red and near infrared light: implications for skin rejuvenation.
Barolet D, Roberge CJ, Auger FA, Boucher A, Germain L.
J Invest Dermatol. 2009 Nov; 129(11): 2751–2759.
4.Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation.
Hamblin MR.
AIMS Biophysics. 2017; 4(3): 337–361.
Clinical studies on near-infrared (NIR) light demonstrate its deep-penetrating effects that reach the dermis, subcutaneous layers, and even muscle tissue—supporting cellular repair and regeneration.
- Stimulate collagen synthesis — improves skin firmness and elasticity
- Activate hair follicles — promotes thicker, healthier growth
- Reduce inflammation & oxidative stress — accelerates wound healing and recovery
- Support musculoskeletal and bone repair — aids regeneration beyond the skin
NIR light therapy works by enhancing mitochondrial activity and boosting ATP production, fueling essential biological processes that restore tissue health. Compared with red light, which primarily targets the surface layers, NIR delivers deeper therapeutic effects—making it an effective treatment for comprehensive rejuvenation, hair restoration, and tissue repair.
1.Noninvasive red and near-infrared wavelength-induced photobiomodulation: promoting impaired cutaneous wound healing.
Anju Yadav, Asheesh Gupta.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2017 Jan; 33(1): 4-13.
2.Noninvasive red and near-infrared wavelength-induced photobiomodulation: promoting impaired cutaneous wound healing.
Anju Yadav, Asheesh Gupta.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2017 Jan;33(1):4–13.
3.Photobiomodulation for the management of hair loss.
Torres AE, Hamblin MR, et al.
Cells. 2022 Dec 7; 11(24): 3949.Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed.
4.NIR light-assisted phototherapies for bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration: A systematic review.
Zhuqing Wan, Ping Zhang, Longwei Lv, Yongsheng Zhou.
Theranostics. 2020 Sep 26; 10(25): 11837-11861.
Clinical studies on deep infrared light (1064 nm) demonstrate its exceptional ability to penetrate into the dermis and subcutaneous tissue—making it one of the most effective wavelengths for deep rejuvenation and repair.
- Stimulate collagen & elastin — reduces wrinkles and tightens skin
- Target deep tissue — improves scars and chronic inflammation
- Calm redness & irritation — supports vascular and inflammatory balance
- Safe for all skin tones — minimal risk of pigmentation changes
1064 nm therapy works by activating fibroblasts and enhancing collagen remodeling at greater depths than standard red or near-infrared light. This wavelength offers powerful anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects, promoting advanced rejuvenation, scar healing, and long-term skin resilience without damaging the surface.
1.Objective assessment of skin rejuvenation using near-infrared 1064-nm neodymium: YAG laser in Asians
Yohei Tanaka, Kiyoshi Matsuo, Shunsuke Yuzuriha.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2011;4:123–130.
2.Long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd: YAG laser ameliorates LL-37-induced rosacea-like skin lesions through promoting collagen remodeling in BALB/c mice
Miri Kim, Jongsic Kim, Seo-Won Jeong, Hyunmu Jo, Hyun Jeong Park.
Lasers Med Sci. 2018 Feb;33(2):393–397.
3.Combination 532-nm and 1064-nm lasers for noninvasive skin rejuvenation and toning
Min-Wei Christine Lee.
Arch Dermatol. 2003 Oct;139(10):1265–1276.
4.Long Pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser Treatment for Skin Laxity and Wrinkle Reduction: Evaluation of New Handpiece and “in Motion” Setting Technique — A Case Series Study
Domenico Piccolo, Giuliana Crisman, Giustino Gallo, Irene Fusco, Claudio Conforti.
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery. 2023;41(6):297-299.
5.Long-Pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser Treatment for Wrinkle Reduction and Skin Laxity: Evaluation of New Parameters (n/Korean subjects)
Hong JS, Park SY, Seo KK, et al.
International Journal of Dermatology. 2015;54(9):e345-e350.
Red (630–660 nm) and NIR (830–880 nm) light penetrate the dermis to activate fibroblasts and stimulate collagen and elastin production. Clinically shown to reduce fine lines, improve elasticity, and restore youthful radiance without downtime.
1.Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) in skin: stimulating, healing, restoring
Avci P, Gupta A, Sadasivam M, Vecchio D, Pam Z, Pam N, Hamblin MR.
Semin Cutan Med Surg. 2013 Mar; 32(1): 41-52.
2.A prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, and split-face clinical study on LED phototherapy for skin rejuvenation: clinical, profilometric, histologic, ultrastructural, and biochemical evaluations and comparison of three different treatment settings
Lee S Y, Park K H, Choi J W, et al.
Journal of photochemistry and photobiology B: Biology, 2007, 88(1): 51-67.
3.The Efficacy and Safety of 660 nm and 411 to 777 nm Light-Emitting Devices for Treating Wrinkles
Nam CH, Park BC, Kim MH, Choi EH, Hong SP.
Dermatol Surg. 2017 Mar; 43(3): 371-380.
4.Reverse skin aging signs by red light photobiomodulation
Couturaud V, Le Fur M, Pelletier M, Granotier F.
Skin Res Technol. 2023 Jul; 29(7): e13391.
5.Male facial rejuvenation using a combination 633, 830, and 1072 nm LED face mask
Mineroff J, Austin E, Feit E, Ho A, Lowe B, Marson J, Mojeski J, Wechter T, Nguyen JK, Jagdeo J.
Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Nov; 315(9): 2605-2611.
6.A controlled trial to determine the efficacy of red and near-infrared light treatment in patient satisfaction, reduction of fine lines, wrinkles, skin roughness, and intradermal collagen density increase
Wunsch A, Matuschka K.
Photomed Laser Surg. 2014 Feb; 32(2): 93-100.
Inflammation is the body’s natural defense response, but chronic inflammation can lead to pain, redness, and tissue damage. Red and near-infrared light therapy suppresses inflammatory cytokines, reduces oxidative stress, and promotes immune balance—accelerating healing and relieving swelling.
1.1.Mechanisms and applications of the anti-inflammatory effects of photobiomodulation.
Hamblin MR.
AIMS Biophys. 2017; 4(3): 337-361.
2.Infrared light therapy relieves TLR-4 dependent hyper-inflammation of the type induced by COVID-19.
Aguida B, Pooam M, Ahmad M, Jourdan N.
Commun Integr Biol. 2021 Sep 15; 14(1): 200-211.
3.Laser Light Therapy in Inflammatory, Musculoskeletal, and Autoimmune Disease.
Wickenheisser VA, Zywot EM, Rabjohns EM, Lee HH, Lawrence DS, Tarrant TK.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2019 Jul 2; 19(8): 37.
4.Low level laser therapy: molecular mechanisms of anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects
Greben AI, Eremin PS, Kostromina EY, Markov PA, Greben TN, Gilmutdinova IR, Konchugova TV.
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult. 2023; 100(2): 61-68.
5.The effect of red-to-near-infrared (R/NIR) irradiation on inflammatory processes
Walski T, Dąbrowska K, Drohomirecka A, Jędruchniewicz N, Trochanowska-Pauk N, Witkiewicz W, Komorowska M.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2019 Sep; 95(9): 1326-1336.
Green (535–560 nm) and yellow (585–600 nm) wavelengths target melanin and hemoglobin, reducing dark spots and redness. Light therapy regulates melanocyte activity and inhibits angiogenesis for an even, luminous tone.
1.A prospective randomized comparative study on 60 Indian patients of melasma, comparing pixel Q-switched NdYAG (1064 nm), super skin rejuvenation (540 nm) and ablative pixel erbium YAG (2940 nm) lasers, with a review of the literature
Garg S, Vashisht KR, Makadia S.
Cosmet Laser Ther. 2019 Aug; 21(5): 297-307.
2.Laser therapy in the treatment of melasma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Lai D, Zhou S, Cheng S, Liu H, Cui Y.
Lasers Med Sci. 2022 Jun; 37(4): 2099-2110.
3.590 nm LED Irradiation Improved Erythema through Inhibiting Angiogenesis of Human Microvascular Endothelial Cells and Ameliorated Pigmentation in Melasma
Dai X, Jin S, Xuan Y, Yang Y, Lu X, Wang C, Chen L, Xiang L, Zhang C.
Cells. 2022 Dec 7; 11(24): 3949.
4.Light-emitting diode 585 nm photomodulation inhibiting melanin synthesis and inducing autophagy in human melanocytes
Chen L, Xu Z, Jiang M, et al.
J Dermatol Sci. 2018 Jan; 89(1): 11-18.
5.Inhibitory effect of 660-nm LED on melanin synthesis in in vitro and in vivo
Oh CT, Kwon TR, Choi EJ, Kim SR, Seok J, Mun SK, Yoo KH, Choi YS, Choi SY, Kim BJ.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2017 Jan; 33(1): 49-57.
Light therapy reduces nerve hypersensitivity and increases endorphin release, providing natural pain relief without medication. Infrared wavelengths promote blood flow and repair damaged tissue, alleviating muscle and joint pain.
1.Low-intensity LASER and LED (photobiomodulation therapy) for pain control of the most common musculoskeletal conditions
DE Oliveira MF, Johnson DS, Demchak T, Tomazoni SS, Leal-Junior EC.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2022 Apr; 58(2): 282-289.
2.Low-Level Laser Therapy for Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yeh SW, Hong CH, Shih MC, Tam KW, Huang YH, Kuan YC.
Pain Physician. 2019 May; 22(3): 241-254.
3.Light-emitting diode phototherapy: pain relief and underlying mechanisms
Zhang WW, Wang XY, Chu YX, Wang YQ.
Lasers Med Sci. 2022 Jul; 37(5): 2343-2352.
4.The efficacy of low-level laser therapy for shoulder tendinopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Haslerud S, Magnussen LH, Joensen J, Lopes-Martins RA, Bjordal JM.
Physiother Res Int. 2015 Jun; 20(2): 108-25.
5.The associations between diode laser (810 nm) therapy and chronic wound healing and pain relief: Light into the chronic wound patient's life
Tang D, Liu C, Chen X, Lv X, Yuan L, Xue D, Song H.
Wound Repair Regen. 2023 Mar; 31(2): 227-232.
Light therapy speeds up your body’s natural recovery process by supporting inflammation control, boosting cell renewal, and enhancing circulation—so oxygen and nutrients can reach damaged tissues faster.
It also stimulates collagen production to strengthen skin, improve elasticity, and minimize scarring. For a safe, natural, and clinically backed way to heal and renew your skin, light therapy is the solution trusted by professionals worldwide.
1.Effects of low-power light therapy on wound healing: LASER x LED
Chaves MEDA, Araújo A R, Piancastelli A C C, et al.
Anais brasileiros de dermatologia, 2014, 89(4): 616-623.
2.Wound Phototherapy
Bolton LL.
Wounds. 2020 Sep; 32(9): 262-264.
3.Photobiomodulation: The Clinical Applications of Low-Level Light Therapy
Glass GE.
Aesthet Surg J. 2021 May 18; 41(6): 723-738.
4.Red light-emitting diode (LED) therapy accelerates wound healing post-blepharoplasty and periocular laser ablative resurfacing
Trelles MA, Allones I.
J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2006 Apr; 8(1): 39-42.
5.The effect of combined red, blue, and near-infrared light-emitting diode (LED) photobiomodulation therapy on speed of wound healing after superficial ablative fractional resurfacing
Soliman J, Elsanadi R, Messele F, Kelly KM.
Lasers Med Sci. 2024 Mar 27; 39(1): 94.
6.Merged Red and NIR Light Sources for Photobiomodulation Therapy in Diabetic Wound Healing
Thien Tri T, Nam ND, Lee TH, Shin H, Lee HJ, Chae H, Kim MJ, Jo DS, Cho SM.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2025 Jan 29; 17(4): 5771-5783.
Hair thinning is more common than you think—affecting over half the world’s population. Light therapy offers a science-backed, drug-free way to revive your hair’s natural growth cycle using targeted red and near-infrared wavelengths.
These wavelengths energize dormant follicles, boost cellular metabolism, and trigger new growth from the root. By increasing ATP and nitric oxide production, light therapy enhances scalp circulation—delivering oxygen and nutrients directly where your hair needs them most.
Safe, non-invasive, and clinically validated, light therapy helps you restore thicker, healthier hair—naturally.
1.Low-level laser (light) therapy (LLLT) for treatment of hair loss
Avci P, Gupta GK, Clark J, Wikonkal N, Hamblin MR.
Lasers Surg Med. 2014 Feb; 46(2): 144-51.
2.Assessment of Effects of Low-Level Light Therapy on Scalp Condition and Hair Growth
Kim JH, Son HS, Yu DA, Choe YB, Lee YW.
Indian J Dermatol. 2023 Jul-Aug; 68(4): 487.
3.Role of Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) in Androgenetic Alopecia
Pillai JK, Mysore V.
J Cutan Aesthet Surg. 2021 Oct-Dec; 14(4): 385-391.
4.Red and Green LED Light Therapy: A Comparative Study in Androgenetic Alopecia
Tantiyavarong J, Charoensuksira S, Meephansan J, Hanvivattanakul S, Rayanasukha Y, Boonkoom T, Tantisantisom K.
Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2024 Nov; 40(6): e13004.
5.Low-level laser therapy as a treatment for androgenetic alopecia
Afifi L, Maranda EL, Zarei M, Delcanto GM, Falto-Aizpurua L, Kluijfhout WP, Jimenez JJ.
Lasers Surg Med. 2017 Jan; 49(1): 27-39.
6.Efficacy and Safety of a Low-Level Light Therapy for Androgenetic Alopecia: A 24-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind, Self-Comparison, Sham Device-Controlled Trial
Mai-Yi Fan S, Cheng YP, Lee MY, Lin SJ, Chiu HY.
Dermatol Surg. 2018 Nov; 44(11): 1411-1420.
7.The Growth of Human Scalp Hair in Females Using Visible Red Light Laser and LED Sources
Avci P, Gupta GK, Clark J, Wikonkal N, Hamblin MR.
Lasers Surg Med. 2014 Jul;46(5):361–368.
EMS triggers involuntary contractions in both slow- and fast-twitch fibers, promoting hypertrophy, strength, and endurance. It is widely used in athletic training and rehabilitation to restore or enhance muscle performance.
1.LNeuromuscular electrical stimulation improves muscle strength, endurance, and walking ability in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Vivodtzev I, Pépin JL, Vottero G, Mayer V, Porsin B, Lévy P, Wuyam B.
Thorax. 2006 Feb;61(2):115-121.
2.Is high-frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation a suitable tool for muscle performance improvement in both healthy humans and athletes?
Gondin J, Cozzone PJ, Bendahan D.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Oct;111(10):2473–2487.
3.Neural adaptations to electrical stimulation strength training
Hortobágyi T, Maffiuletti N.A.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2011 Oct; 111(10):2439–49.
4.Electrical stimulation in exercise of the quadriceps femoris muscle
Currier DP, Lehman J, Lightfoot P.
Phys Ther. 1979 Dec;59(12):1508–1512.
By stimulating rhythmic contractions, EMS boosts local blood flow and oxygenation, accelerating waste clearance and reducing fatigue. It also prevents muscular atrophy during immobilization or limited mobility.
1.A Single Session of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Enhances Vascular Endothelial Function and Peripheral Blood Circulation in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Tanaka S, Masuda T, Kamiya K, Hamazaki N, Akiyama A, Kamada Y, Maekawa E, Noda C, Yamaoka-tojo M, Ako J.
Int Heart J. 2016 Mar;57(2):193-200.
2.The effect of footplate neuromuscular electrical stimulation on venous and arterial haemodynamics
Trock DH, Parmet JL, Pollock ML, Vollman MW.
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg. 2004 Apr;27(4):394-400.
3.Effect of Electrical Muscle Stimulation on Vascular Endothelial Function during Prolonged Sitting
Miyamoto T, Kinugasa Y, Ushida T, et al.
J Phys Ther Sci. 2022;34(3):185-190.
EMS modulates pain signals through neuromuscular stimulation and endorphin release, easing chronic or post-surgical pain. It restores mobility and reduces discomfort associated with joint or nerve injury.
1.Electrical muscle stimulation as an adjunct to exercise therapy in the treatment of nonacute low back pain: a randomized trial
Fowler NE, Abbott JH.
Spine J. 2003 Jul;3(4):294–301.
2.Effectiveness of percutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation for neck pain relief in patients with cervical spondylosis
Liu H, Ma Y, Cong L, et al.
Pain Physician. 2018 Dec;21(6):E575–E585.
EMS increases energy expenditure by activating large muscle groups, improving glucose uptake and fat metabolism. It supports weight management and helps regulate insulin sensitivity.
1.Metabolic and cardiovascular responses during voluntary pedaling exercise with electrical muscle stimulation
Maffiuletti NA, Dugnani S, Rosilio L, et al.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2014 Aug;114(8):1671-1679.
2.Impact of prolonged neuromuscular electrical stimulation on metabolic profile and cognition-related blood parameters in type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled cross-over trial
Stengel D, Behringer M, Frohlich S, et al.
J Diabet Complicat. 2018 Sep;32(9):809-817.
3.Effects of whole-body electromyostimulation on resting metabolic rate, body composition, and maximum strength in postmenopausal women: the Training and ElectroStimulation Trial
Kemmler W, Schliffka R, Teschler M, et al.
J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Jul;24(7):1880-1888.
4.Effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on energy expenditure in healthy adults
Porcari JP, Jay K, Cornwell A, et al.
J Strength Cond Res. 2012 Mar;26(3):688-694.
